Etiology and clinical characteristics of acute pancreatitis in the northern Guizhou region:a retrospective study

Huang Ling; Tang Li; Zhou Xumei; He Yong

doi:10.11986/j.issn.1673-873X.2023.12.001

Abstract：Objective To analyze the etiology and clinical characteristics of acute pancreatitis(AP)in the northern Guizhou region.Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted on 1 899 patients with AP admitted to the Second Affiliated Hos-pital of Zunyi Medical University from January 2017 to December 2021.The clinical characteristics were analyzed in terms of patient age,gender,disease severity,and mortality rate.Results A total of 1 899 AP patients were included in this study,with 42.9％being female.A statistically significant difference was observed in the distribution of AP etiology among differ-ent genders(P＜0.05),with a significantly higher proportion of males with alcoholic AP and hypertriglyceridemia-induced AP(HTGP)compared to females(14.8％vs.1.0％,19.8％vs.11.9％).The average age of patients was(48.6±14.8)years.Regardless of gender,the proportion of patients with biliary acute pancreatitis(ABP)was lowest in the 30-39 age group and increased with age;the proportion of female patients with alcoholic AP and mixed etiology AP was consistently low across all age groups,while the peak proportion for male patients with alcoholic AP was in the 20-29 age group.The proportion of HTGP patients was highest in the 30-39 age group for both genders and gradually decreased with age.ABP(56.9％)was the most common cause of AP,followed by HTGP(16.4％),then alcoholic AP and other AP(8.8％),and fourth was idiopathic acute pancreatitis(IAP)(7.5％).The proportion of patients with severe acute pancreatitis(SAP)was 11.6％,mild acute pancreatitis(MAP)was 71.0％,and moderately severe acute pancreatitis(MSAP)was 17.4％.A sig-nificant difference was found in disease severity among patients with different etiologies(P＜0.05),with a higher likelihood of severe cases in patients with mixed AP and mild cases in IAP patients.The mortality rate of patients was 0.6％,and no statistically significant difference was noted in mortality rates among patients of different age groups,genders,or etiologies(P＞0.05).Conclusion ABP remains the main cause of AP in the population of the northern Guizhou region,followed by HT-GP,and then alcoholic AP/other AP.The type of disease and severity vary among patients of different ages and genders.