Seedling growth of four pear rootstocks and changes in mineral elements in their leaves, shoots and roots during growing season
ZHANG Yuliang
ZONG Yu
SONG Jiankun
LI Dingli
WANG Xinhui
WANG Ran
Abstract：[Objective] Pear is one of the most important deciduous fruits in the world.Several species of Pyrus are commercially used as rootstocks for cultivated pear cultivars.Rootstocks may affect the performance of growth and fruiting of the scion cultivars through uptake and transportation of the mineral elements.The purpose of this study was to determine the contents of mineral elements in different organs of different pear rootstock seedlings during the growing season in order to understand the effect of rootstock on scion performance.[Methods] Two-year-old seedlings of P.ussuriensis Maxim,‘Xiaoxiangshui'(P.bretschnederi Rehd.) and two local types (Hebei Duli and Hubei Tangli) of P.betulaefolia Bunge from two locations were selected as materials to study the growth potential and mineral contents in these Pyrus seedlings.30 seedling plants were randomly selected for each species or local types for the measurements of shoot length and plant height,and 10 plants for the measurements of the contents in mineral elements in the leaves,shoots and roots.N content was determined with a semi micro Kjeldahl N method,P using vanadium molybdate yellow colorimetric method,and K with a flame photometer.The determination of the other mineral elements was carried out with an atomic absorption spectrophotometer.All the data were analyzed using DPS v3.01 statistical software.[Results] The shoot growth patterns of the two P.betulaefolia Bunge were similar,and that of P.bretschnederi var.‘Xiaoxiangshui'was similar to that of P.ussuriensis Maxim.The cessation of shoot growth of P.bretschnederi ‘Xiaoxiangshui'and P.ussuriensis Maxim occurred earlier than that in the two local types of P.betulaefolia Bunge.The growth of the two P.betulaefolia Bunge showed a typical "S" pattern.The order of shoot length was Hebei Duli (P.betulaefolia Bunge) ＞ Hubei Tangli (P.betulaefolia Bunge) ＞ ‘Xiaoxiangshui'(P.bretschnederi Rehd) ＞ Shanli (P.ussuriensis Maxim).The height of the trunk of ‘Xiaoxiangshui'was similar to those of two local types of P.betulaefolia Bunge due to longer growing time.The levels of N,P,K,Fe,Cu and Zn elements in different organs were positively correlated with the shoot growth during the rapid growing period.The contents of Ca and Mg were negatively related to the shoot growth,while Mn had no obvious correlation with the growth of shoots.The contents of removable mineral element,such as N,P and K in the leaves and shoots of the four different pear seedlings decreased with leaf age,while the contents of immovable mineral elements,such as Ca and Mg in the leaves decreased with leaf age.The content of Ca in the shoots of ‘ Xiaoxiangshui'was similar to that of Shanli,but the content of Ca in the shoots of the two P.betulaefolia Bunge.increased and reached a peak in mid-June.Among the tested seedlings,the contents of N and K in the leaves of Hebei Duli were the highest,and those of Shanli were the lowest.The contents of P in the leaves and shoots were quite similar in the four roostocks,and those in the roots were slightly different.The contents of Ca in the leaves and shoots of ‘ Xiaoxiangshui'and Shanli were significantly higher than the two P.betulaefolia Bunge.The content of Mg in the leaves of Hebei Duli was the lowest.The contents of all mineral elements except for K and Mg in the roots of Shanli were higher than those of the other pear seedlings.The contents of Fe in the leaves of the two P.betulaefolia Bunge were similar and higher than those of ‘ Xiaoxiangshui'and Shanli.The change pattern and contents of Cu in the seedlings of the four rootstocks were similar.The levels of Mn in the leaves of ‘Xiaoxiangshui'and Shanli steadily increased;the contents of Mn in the two P.betulaefolia Bunge fluctuated and were similar.The contents of Zn in the leaves of the two P.betulaefolia Bunge had little difference and were lower than those of ‘ Xiaoxiangshui'in the growing season.[Conclusion] The shoots of the 2 kinds of P.betulaefolia Bunge were significantly longer than those of P.bretschnederi ‘ Xiaoxiangshui'and P.ussuriensis Maxim.The height of the trunk of P.ussuriensis Maxim was obviously shorter than those of the other pear seedlings due to the early ending of the trunk growth.The contents of mineral elements in different seedlings were different while the changes in the contents of N,K,Ca,Fe,Fe,Mn and Zn in the leaves and shoots of the two local types of P.betulaefolia Bunge were quite similar.
Keywords：PearSeedlingMineral elementRootstockGrowing
Publication Date：2017-01-01
Online Publishing Date：2025-08-15(First online date of this platform, not the publication date of the document)
Pages：11( 1545-1555 )