A new early-maturing peach cultivar ‘Yunongmixiang’

ZHENG Xianbo; TAN Bin; YE Xia; LI Jidong; LI Yan; LI Jing; FENG Jiancan

doi:10.13925/j.cnki.gsxb.20170128

Abstract：' Yunongmixiang' is a new early-maturing peach cultivar which is derived from the cross 'Bayuexiang' × 'Yuxiang' in 2000.'Bayuexiang' and 'Yuxiang' were both bred by Henan Agricultural University.'Bayuexiang' is a late-maturing,clingstone,white-flesh peach cultivar with good flavor.'Yuxiang' is a middle-maturing,clingstone peach cultivar.The anthers of 'Yuxiang' at big bud stage were collected.260 flowers of female parent removed the corollas were pollinated and bagged in April 3,2000.121 fruits of the cross were harvested,and the cleaned seeds were stratificated.72 seedlings were obtained and planted at 0.5 m × 1 m in density in the next spring.No.'00-7-12' was selected after more than three years identification and tests.In 2012,the bud wood from this selection was grafted onto Chinese wild peach ('Maotao') seedling rootstocks and planted in three sites in Henan province (including Xinzheng,Luoshan and Xincai).The cuhivar comparison trials with ' Yumeiren' as control were conducted from 2012 to 2016 at each site.All testing trees were trained as open-center-natural form with spaced 3 m in the rows and between rows 5 m.The tree,flower and fruit characteristics of '00-7-12' were assessed in comparison trials from 2012 to 2016.The characteristics of '00-7-12' were obviously better than 'Yumeiren' after 5 years of evaluation.Trees of '00-7-12' are vigorous with a semi-upright growth habit.Leaves of '00-7-12' tree have reniform nectaries,and the average leaf size is 4.3 cm wide and 17.4 cm long.The fruits of are mainly set on long branches.The earliest full bloom date was observed on 24 March at Xinyang which located in the south region of Henan province.Its flowers are nonshowy and fertile with abundant bright yellow pollen.The average ripening date in Henan was 25 June,about 90 d after full bloom.The fruit shape of '00-7-12' is oblong while the fruit shape of 'Yumeiren' is ellipse.The ground color of fruit is white.There is short fuzz on the skin of fruit which characteristic was favorited by consumers.Thirty fruit samples were collected each year to determine their weight,flesh firmness,soluble solids content,total sugar and vitamin C content.The average weight of single fruit is 148 g and could be up to 327 g if keeping 15-20 cm distance between fruits.Fruit weight of '00-7-12' tends to increase as the trees age.The average soluble solids content in the mature fruits is 15.0％,which is higher than that of 'Yumeiren' at 13％.The total sugar and total acid are 7.98 and 0.22％,respectively.The vitamin C content is 12.2 mg· 100 g-1,obviously higher than control.The flesh is white and melting.The skin of mature fruit is easy to peel.Its semi-freestone was favorited by consumers.Moreover,the consumers could be attracted by the aroma with fruits of '00-7-12'.Fruits could be picked in June 18 and absolutely ripened in June 25.'00-7-12' was certified by the evaluation committees of Henan province in 2016 and named 'Yunong-mixiang'.'Yunongmixiang' is a high-productivity cultivar and suitable for cultivated in Henan province.