Field natural identification of resistance of grape resources from USA and Xinjiang of China to primary fungi diseases

Abstract：By field natural identification,the resistance of 89 grape resources including 59 accessions introduced from USA and 30 cultivars introduced from Xinjiang of China to downy mildew（Plasmopara viticola）,anthracnose（Sphaceloum ampelinum） and powdery mildew（Uncinla necator） was studied in Yangling,Shaanxi province in 2009 and 2010.The results showed that the resistance to the three kinds of fungous disease is different among 56 cultivars of V.vinifera.Six cultivars including Exotic,Calmeria,Kishmish Hishrau,Canner,Aimaina and Youngle were resistant to downy mildew,but others were susceptibility,especially Red Globe,Muscat Hamburg,Jingdajing,Jingkejing and Jingzaojing were high susceptible.Seven cultivars including Italia,Exotic,Kishmish Hishrau,Long Emperor,Canner,Seedless Tokey and Sangduohani were resistant while others were susceptible to anthracnose.The cultivars Thompson Seedless and Manaizi were high anthracnose-susceptibility.Nine cultivars including Exotic,Calmeria,Kishmish Hishrau,Ruby Seedless,Sangduohani,Black Corinth,Aimaina,Longbunch Sultanine and Cannero presented powdery mildew-resistance while others presented susceptibility in which Red Globe,Black Rose,Muscat Hamburg,Dabai grape,Dalihong Seedless and Jingzaojing reached high susceptibility.Fourteen accessions of 11 grape species or subspecies native to America wre all resistant or high resistant to the three kinds of fungous disease.Therefore,American wild grape is a important gene resource for disease-resistance breeding in grapevine.The hybrids derived from V.labrusca have a higher resistance to the three kinds of fungous disease.Nighteen cultivars,exclusive of Harmony and Freedom presented resistance to downy mildew and powdery mildew but susceptibility to anthracnose.Others presented resistance or high resistance to downy mildew,anthracnose and powdery mildew.