Analysis of pathogenic bacteria distribution and influencing factors of pulmonary infection in patients with stroke and diabetes mellitus

LIU Xin; LI Xu; WANG Juan

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1672-8521.2025.05.004

Abstract：Objective To explore the distribution of pathogenic bacteria in pulmonary infection and the influencing factors in patients with stroke and diabetes mellitus.Methods A total of 262 patients with stroke and diabetes mellitus admitted to in the Second People's Hospital of Zhengzhou from January 2021 to January 2024 were selected.The patients were divided into the infection group(n=42)and the non-infection group(n=220)based on whether they had pulmonary infection.Sputum culture was performed on the patients in the infection group to isolate and identify the pathogenic bacteria.Multivariate stepwise logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the factors influencing pulmonary infection patients with stroke and diabetes.Results A total of 51 strains of pathogenic bacteria were detected from the specimens of 42 stroke patients complicated with diabetes and pulmonary infection,among which 37 strains were Gram-negative bacteria,with Klebsiella pneumoniae(27.45%)being the most prevalent.The age,fasting plasma glucose,white blood cell count and neutrophil count of the infection group were higher than those of the non-infection group,and the proportions of smoking history,diabetes duration≥5 years,consciousness disorder,dysphagia,hypoproteinemia,invasive procedures,and hospital stay≥14 days were higher in the infection group than in the non-infection group(P<0.05).Multivariate stepwise logistic regression analysis showed that diabetes duration≥5 years(OR=3.080,95%CI:1.451-6.538),dysphagia(OR=2.401,95%CI:1.440-4.005),hypoproteinemia(OR=2.467,95%CI:1.406-4.330),and invasive procedures(OR=3.228,95%CI:1.671-6.237)were independent risk factors for pulmonary infection in patients with stroke and diabetes mellitus(P<0.05).Conclusions The pathogens of pulmonary infection in stroke patients with diabetes mellitus are widely distributed and have many risk factors.It is necessary to strengthen high-risk monitoring and identify the pathogens as soon as possible for precise treatment.