Effects of Soil Moisture and Fertilization on Fragrance, Quality and Yield of Fragrant Rice

TIAN Hua; PAN Shenggang; MO Zhaowen; DUAN Meiyang; TANG Xiangru

doi:10.13522/j.cnki.ggps.2017.0608

Abstract：[Objective]Soil moisture and nutrients control plant metabolism and the purpose of this paper is to examine how different combinations of irrigation and nitrogen application alert the yield and quality of fragrant rice.[Method]Pot experiments were carried out using the traditional fragrant rice variety of Guixiangzhan and the hybrid fragrant rice variety of Peizaruanxiang as the model plants. We examined three soil moisture treatments: flooding furrow irrigation by keeping the depth of surface water at 1～3 cm (W0), moderate soil moisture by controlling the soil matrix potential at -20～ -5 kPa (W1), low soil moisture by controlling the matric potential at -40～-25 kPa (W2); and three fertilizations: no fertilizer (N0), 0.43 g of urea per pot (N1), and 1.08 g of urea per pot (N2). Overall, there were nine treatments. During the experiments, we measured the aroma content, yield and quality of the rice.[Result]Compared to the CK (W0N0), low soil moisture combined with high fertilization (W1N2) improved aroma content in Guixiangzhan and Peizaruanxiang by 176.1％ and 62.3％ respectively, and increased the milling rate of Guixiangzhan by 69.78％. In the meantime, W1N2 combination also significantly reduced the chalky grain rate in Guixiangzhan and Peizaruanxiang by 15.03％ and 9.45％ respectively, and increased the total grain number in Guixiangzhan by 3.95％ and the effective panicles in Peizaruanxiang by 24.72％. The yield of Guixiangzhan and Peizaruanxiang under W0N2 combination was 6.85 t/hm2 and 6.97 t/hm2 respectively, higher than other treatments; there was no noticeable difference in the yield between all treatments, including the CK.[Conclusion]Controlling the soil matric potential at -40～ -25 kPa, along with high urea application, appeared to be the optimal fertigation for both yield and quality of the two rice varieties studied in this paper.