Risk factor analysis of postoperative venous thromboembolism in patients with gynecologic malignancies
JIANG Yu
GONG Zhen
XU Han-zi
LYU Juan
Abstract：Objective To retrospectively analyze the risk factors for venous thromboembolism(VTE)in patients after surgery for gynecologic malignancies and to evaluate the predictive value of the Caprini risk assessment model for postoperative VTE,thereby providing clinical evidence for diagnosis and treatment.Methods Clinical data of 37 pa-tients who developed VTE after surgery for gynecologic malignancies between January 1,2022 and December 31,2024 were collected retrospectively.A control group was selected at a 1∶2 ratio by randomly choosing patients with pathological-ly confirmed gynecologic malignancies who underwent surgery during the same period but did not develop VTE postopera-tively.The incidence and clinical characteristics of VTE were analyzed.Results Among the VTE patients,cervical cancer was the most common underlying malignancy.Univariate analysis showed significant group differences in age,pres-ence of hypertension,preoperative D-dimer,postoperative fibrinogen(FIB),postoperative D-dimer,surgery duration,intraoperative blood loss,and whether the surgery was performed via laparotomy.Multivariate binary logistic regression identified advanced age(OR=1.089,95％CI:1.024-1.159)and elevated postoperative D-dimer(OR=1.317,95％CI:1.037-1.673)as independent risk factors for postoperative VTE(P＜0.05).The AUC for age and postopera-tive D-dimer in ROC analysis were 0.739 and 0.731,respectively,showing some predictive value for postoperative VTE in gynecologic cancer patients.A significantly higher proportion of patients in the VTE group were classified as Caprini ex-tremely high-risk(≥5 points):21 cases(56.8％)vs.24 cases(32.4％)in the control group.However,the Caprini score alone had limited predictive power(AUC=0.622).When combined with age and postoperative D-dimer,the pre-dictive value increased significantly(AUC=0.810).Conclusion Advanced age and elevated postoperative D-dimer are independent risk factors for VTE in patients with gynecologic malignancies.While the Caprini score has some value in assessing VTE risk,its predictive accuracy is limited.A combined model incorporating Caprini score,age,and postopera-tive D-dimer yields improved predictive performance.
Keywords：gynecologic malignanciesvenous thromboembolismrisk factorsCaprini risk assessment model
Publication Date：2025-10-15
Online Publishing Date：2025-11-28(First online date of this platform, not the publication date of the document)
Pages：6( 1548-1553 )