Effect of antiviral therapy on hepatitis B surface antibody levels in infants born to HBV-infected mothers

YAN Xi-wen; CHEN Yu; ZHU Ying; CHEN Keng; YANG Ke-li; JIAO Qian; LIU Zhi-hua; LIU Hui-yuan

doi:10.13820/j.cnki.gdyx.20250535

Abstract：Objective To investigate the impact of antiviral therapy on hepatitis B surface antibody(HBsAb)levels in infants born to hepatitis B virus(HBV)-infected mothers.Methods A total of 367 HBV-infected pregnant women followed at Guangzhou Eighth People's Hospital from March 2015 to February 2023 and their 367 newborns were enrolled.All infants received the hepatitis B vaccine at 0,1,and 6 months of age and hepatitis B immunoglobulin(HBIG)within 24 hours of birth.HBsAb titers were measured at 7 months of age and used to classify infants into three re-sponse groups:low response(HBsAb＜100 mIU/mL),strong response(100 mIU/mL≤ HBsAb＜1 000 mIU/mL),and very strong response(HBsAb ≥1 000 mIU/mL).Maternal factors,including antiviral therapy,age,family history of HBV,HBeAg status,viral load,and liver function,were analyzed for their association with infant HBsAb levels.Infants born to mothers receiving different antiviral regimens(lamivudine[LAM],telbivudine[LDT],and tenofovir disoproxil fumarate[TDF])were compared for differences in HBsAb titers.Results Maternal family history of HBV showed signif-icant differences among the three response groups(x2=6.25,P=0.044),with the very strong response group having the highest proportion of family history(50.4％)compared to the low(47.4％)and strong(35.4％)response groups.Significant differences in HBsAb response were also found among the LAM,LDT,and TDF groups(x2=13.24,P=0.012).The TDF group had a significantly higher rate of very strong response(78.5％)than the LAM(44.4％)and LDT(70.29％)groups.Conclusion Among HBV-infected pregnant women requiring antiviral prophylaxis for mother-to-child transmission(MTCT)prevention,the use of TDF significantly enhances the rate of very strong hepatitis B vac-cine response in infants.