Abnormal expression of TgAb and thyroid hormone levels in patients with recurrence or metastasis after 131I abla-tion for differentiated thyroid carcinoma

YANG Li-hang; XIN Yun-chao; XIE Qi; SHANG Xiao-ling

doi:10.13820/j.cnki.gdyx.20250419

Abstract：Objective To investigate the diagnostic differences between individual and combined detection of anti-thyroglobulin antibody(TgAb)and thyroid hormone levels in identifying recurrence or metastasis in patients with differ-entiated thyroid carcinoma(DTC)after 131I ablation.Methods A total of 110 DTC patients treated with 131I ablation at the First Affiliated Hospital of Hebei North University from January 2020 to December 2023 were enrolled.Pathological re-sults at 6 months post-ablation served as the reference standard.Among them,29 cases were classified as recurrence/metastasis group and 81 as non-recurrence/metastasis group.Differences in TgAb and thyroid hormone levels between the two groups were analyzed.Results The recurrence/metastasis group had significantly higher levels of TgAb(t=467.232,P=0.000),TT4(t=5.238,P=0.000),and TT3(t=8.579,P=0.000),and significantly lower levels of FT4(t=4.697,P=0.000)and TSH(t=10.966,P=0.000),compared with the non-recurrence/metastasis group.Logistic regression analysis showed that TgAb(OR=3.264,95％CI:2.58～4.13),TT3(OR=2.883,95％CI:2.003～4.152),and TT4(OR=2.795,95％CI:1.988～3.932)were risk factors,while FT4(OR=0.357,95％CI:0.257～0.495)and TSH(OR=0.364,95％CI:0.296～0.447)were protective factors for recurrence/metastasis post-abla-tion.Correlation analysis showed that TgAb,TT3,and TT4 were positively correlated,while FT4 and TSH were negatively correlated with recurrence/metastasis.Combined detection of TgAb and thyroid hormone levels had higher diagnostic sen-sitivity than individual detection.ROC curve analysis revealed that the area under the curve(AUC)for combined detec-tion was significantly greater than for individual markers.Conclusion Abnormal expression of TgAb and thyroid hormone levels can serve as important diagnostic indicators for recurrence or metastasis after 131I ablation in patients with differentia-ted thyroid carcinoma.