Characteristics of intestinal microbiota structure and serum metabolites in patients with type 2 diabetes based on gut microbiology and metabolomics:a cohort study
Aziguli Maihemaiti
Miriguli Wumuhasimu
LI Xue-mei
Sainawaer Aximu
Muyesier Hasimu
Abstract：Objective To explore the characteristics of intestinal microbiota and the differences in serum meta-bolic indicators between patients with type 2 diabetes(T2DM)and healthy individuals,and analyze the correlation be-tween serum metabolomic features and gut microbiota characteristics.Methods A total of 100 newly diagnosed T2DM patients treated at the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region Maternal and Child Health Hospital from June 2021 to December 2022 were enrolled as the DM group.Concurrently,100 healthy volunteers were recruited as the control group.Stool and serum specimens were collected from both groups.High-throughput sequencing technology was used for 16S rRNA se-quencing of stool samples to analyze the overall structure and diversity of the gut microbiota in T2DM patients.Significant differences in species between the two groups were compared,and the PICRUSt tool was used to predict the gene function-al pathways of different gut microbial communities.GC-MS technology was employed for metabolic spectrum determina-tion of serum samples from both groups.The differences in serum metabolites between the two groups were analyzed.The Mectaboanalyst software was used to analyze the metabolic pathways involved in different serum metabolites.Correlation a-nalysis was conducted between different metabolites in the serum of T2DM patients and the metabolic pathway data of gut microbiota obtained through high-throughput sequencing.Results In terms of α-diversity of the gut microbiota,the Chao index,Ace index,and Shannon index of the DM group were lower than those of the control group,while the Simpson index was higher(all P＜0.05).Significant statistical differences were observed in the β-diversity of the gut microbiota between the two groups(P＜0.05).The dominant genera in the gut microbiota of the DM group included Enterococcus,Clostridioides,Faecalibacterium,Actinomyces,Escherichia,Eggerthella,and Adlercreutzia.In contrast,the control group had predominance of Bacteroidetes,Lactobacillus,Bifdobacterium,Parabacteroides,Prevotella,Methanobrevibacter,and Erysipelatoclostridium.Regarding metabolomics,levels of lactic acid,linoleic acid,palmitic acid,and oleic acid were higher in the DM group compared to the control group,while levels of L-proline,L-valine,and leucine were lower(all P＜0.05).The PICRUSt tool predicted three metabolic pathways for different gut microbial genera,including the synthe-sis of other secondary metabolites,lipid metabolism,and carbohydrate metabolism.Analysis of the metabolic pathways in-volved in different serum metabolites revealed nine differential pathways,predominantly associated with lipid metabolism.Comparison of the two metabolic pathways showed that lipid metabolism was a common pathway for both gut microbiota and serum metabolites.Conclusion Patients with T2DM exhibit dysbiosis of the gut microbiota,characterized by an in-creased abundance of Enterococcus,Clostridioides,and Faecalibacterium,and a decreased abundance of Bacteroidetes,Lactobacillus,and Bifidobacterium.Additionally,differences exist in metabolic indicators between T2DM patients and healthy individuals,with the gut microbiota potentially influencing the progression of T2DM by affecting lipid metabolism.
Keywords：type 2 diabetesintestinal microbiotametabolomicsmetabolic pathways
Publication Date：2024-02-28
Online Publishing Date：2025-08-15(First online date of this platform, not the publication date of the document)
Pages：6( 139-144 )