Analysis of antinuclear antibody titer and karyotype characteristics in Guangdong population

WEN Xiang-hui; DU Kai-wei; ZHOU Liu-zhong; WEI Qiu-jing; YAO Chun; GU Jie-ruo; ZHANG Peng

doi:10.13820/j.cnki.gdyx.20234239

Abstract：Objective To investigate the clinical characteristics of ANA-positive individuals,by analyzing the titers of ANA and the positive detection of nuclear patterns in subjects from Guangdong;providing scientific basis for health management of the Guangdong population and offers early health guidance and reference for potential patients with autoimmune diseases(AID).Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted on 23 771 patients from 22 hospitals in Guangdong who underwent routine ANA testing using indirect immunofluorescence(IIF)from April 2021 to July 2023.ANA titers,positive detection rates of nuclear patterns,and demographic characteristics such as gender and age were sta-tistically analyzed.Results The positive detection rate of ANA in the 23 771 tested patients was 14.21％(3 378/23 771).The number of ANA-positive patients increased with age,with the highest number(1 440 cases,42.63％)occurring in individuals aged 60 and above.The ANA-positive detection rates for females were higher than those for males in different age groups.The majority of cases had low titers of 1:80 antibodies(2 662 cases,78.81％),while the positive rates for high titers of 1∶1 000 and 1∶1 280 were relatively low.Granular pattern positivity was the most common(2 288 cases,67.73％),with the highest occurrence(879 cases,46.31％)in individuals aged 60 and above.Howev-er,the gender gap in granular pattern positivity gradually narrowed with increasing age.Conclusion The high prevalence of ANA positivity,especially with a granular pattern at 1:80 titer,in females in the Guangdong region suggests a signifi-cant risk of diseases such as systemic lupus erythematosus(SLE),mixed connective tissue disease(MCTD),Sjögren's syndrome(SS),or polymyositis(PM).This risk is particularly noteworthy in postmenopausal middle-aged and elderly women.Men aged 60 and above should also be vigilant about the risk of developing immune-related diseases.