Diagnostic efficacy of serum CA242,CEACAM-1,and TSGF in pancreatic cancer liver metastasis and their prognostic implications

LIU He; WU Xue-jun; CHEN Chang-ming

doi:10.13820/j.cnki.gdyx.20225518

Abstract：Objective To investigate the diagnostic efficacy of carbohydrate antigen 242(CA242),serum CEA cell adhesion molecule 1(CEACAM-1)and tumor specific group of factors(TSGF)in patients with pancreatic cancer(PC)with liver metastasis from PC and the impact on the prognosis of patients.Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted on data from 92 patients with PC admitted to Beijing Fengtai Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital from No-vember 2019 to November 2021.Patients were divided into two groups based on the occurrence/non-occurrence of liver metastasis after PC surgery,with 46 cases in each group.Clinical data were compared between the groups.Serum levels of CA242,CEACAM-1,and TSGF were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA).Multivariate lo-gistic regression analysis was performed to determine factors influencing liver metastasis in PC patients.Receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curves and area under ROC curve(AUC)were used to evaluate the predictive value of CA242,CEACAM-1,and TSGF for liver metastasis.Patients were categorized as high or low expression based on serum median levels,and survival time differences were compared.Results Serum levels of CA242,CEACAM-1,and TSGF were significantly higher in the liver metastasis group compared to the non-liver metastasis group(P＜0.05).Factors such as tumor embolus in blood vessels,complicated fatty liver,absence of postoperative chemotherapy,and superior mesenteric vein(SMV)invasion between the two groups were significantly different(P＜0.05).BMI＞23 kg/m2,grade B liver function classification before surgery,poor differentiation of tumor tissue,CA242,CEACAM-1,TSGF,SMV were iden-tified as risk factors for PC liver metastasis through multivariate logistic regression analysis(P＜0.05).AUC values for CA242,CEACAM-1,and TSGF in predicting PC liver metastasis were 0.812,0.850,and 0.862,respectively,with specificities of 90.20％,85.50％,and 74.00％,and sensitivities of 64.70％,70.00％,and 82.00％.Combined pre-diction of the three markers significantly improved efficacy,yielding an AUC of 0.903,specificity of 92.90％,and sensi-tivity of 83.80％.Survival analysis revealed that elevated levels of CA242,CEACAM-1,and TSGF were associated with significantly reduced survival time(P＜0.05).Conclusion Serum levels of CA242,CEACAM-1,and TSGF are sig-nificantly elevated in PC patients with liver metastasis,indicating their potential as independent factors influencing PC liv-er metastasis and providing clinical evaluation value for assessing the occurrence of liver metastasis in PC patients.