Orthogonal Experiments for Optimizing the Feed Formula of Rice Flower Carp

XIE Yutong; MO Changsheng; WANG Guoxia; CAI Jia

doi:10.19978/j.cnki.xmsy.2026.01.07

Abstract：[Objective]Rice flower carp is a valued local aquatic product within the Qingyuan rice-fish co-culture system,generating an additional income of approximately 9 000 yuan per mu.However,its slow growth rate and the lack of commercially available feed formulations constrain its productivity.This study aimed to identify the optimal feed formulation through a four-factor,three-level orthogonal experiment design,evaluating growth performance and health status to enhance the economic returns of Rice flower carp cultivation.[Methods]A total of 945 fish with an initial body weight of(6.59±0.01)g were randomly allocated into 9 groups with 3 replicates per group and 35 fish per replicate.Nine kinds of feed were designed according to four factors,varying in dietary protein(36%,40%,44%),lipid(4%,8%,12%),carbohydrate(24%,27%,30%),and premix(vitamin and mineral premix:0.175%,0.35%,0.7%)levels.The feeding trial lasted for 63 days.[Results]The results show that 0.35%and 0.7%Vitamin premix and Mineral premix groups the weight gain rate is significantly higher than that of 0.175%groups(P<0.05).The low protein group(36%)condition factor was significantly higher than the high protein group(44%)(P<0.05).There were no significant differences in food intake,crude protein content,fat content,moisture content and ash content among all groups(P>0.05).36%protein group serum CHOL and LDL-CH contents was significantly higher than 44%protein group(P<0.05);GLU in high starch group(30%)was significantly higher than that in low fat group(24%)(P<0.05);The HDL-CH of 0.35%Vitamin premix and Mineral premix group was significantly higher than that of 0.175%level group(P<0.05).There were no significant differences in ALT,AST,ALB,GLOB and UREA among all groups(P>0.05).[Conclusion]In conclusion,protein level increases,condition factor decreases,serum cholesterol and low density lipoprotein cholesterol decrease,and fat metabolism increases.Carbohydrate levels increase,blood GLUcose rises;Suitable Vitamin premix and Mineral premix(0.35%)can improve the weight gain rate,facilitate the growth of carp,significantly increase HDL cholesterol,and promote the metabolism of cholesterol in peripheral tissue.Taking the weight gain rate as the evaluation index,the optimal combination is A36B8C24D0.7.