Spatiotemporal Characteristics of High-Temperature Weather and Anomalous High-Temperature Synoptic Patterns in Meizhou over the Past 60 Years

YAO Qiufang; HUANG Longwei; DENG Chun; HUANG Haoming

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1007-6190.2025.05.012

Abstract：To improve the forecasting accuracy of high-temperature weather,this study conducted a statistical analysis of the characteristics of high-temperature events in Meizhou over the past 60 years,based on daily maximum temperature data from seven national meteorological stations in Meizhou from 1964 to 2023 and ERA5 reanalysis data from the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts(ECM-WF).High-temperature events exceeding 37℃and 39℃were classified.The results indicate the follow-ing:(1)Over the past 60 years,high-temperature weather in Meizhou exhibited distinct interdecadal vari-ation characteristics.The number of days with temperatures≥35℃showed an overall increasing trend,with both the number of high-temperature days and the annual extreme maximum temperature demonstrating a significant upward trend.High-temperature events were predominantly short-duration,with prolonged events being relatively rare.Among them,one-day events were the most frequent,occurring 230 times,while the longest continuous high-temperature period reached 21 days.(2)The extreme maximum temper-atures across Meizhou over the past 60 years ranged between 39.3℃and 39.9℃.The maximum center was located in the Meixian-Dapu area,with an average annual high-temperature days of 38.6 days.In contrast,the southern regions of Wuhua and Fengshun experienced fewer high-temperature days,with an average of only 21.1 days per year.(3)Based on the 500 hPa circulation patterns,240 anomalous high-temperature events were classified into three types:subtropical high circulation type,peripheral typhoon type,and combined subtropical high circulation and peripheral typhoon type.Among these,the subtropical high circulation type and the combined type were equally prevalent.The stable control of the 588 dagpm line of the subtropical high over Guangdong Province,with its strong subsidence airflow,easily induced high-temperature heatwaves in Meizhou.The ridge line of the subtropical high was most frequently located near 30°N.When tropical cyclones were 500-1500 km away from Meizhou,temperatures exceeding 37℃were likely to occur.Under appropriate distance conditions,the occurrence of anomalous high temperatures was not significantly correlated with the intensity of tropical cyclones.