DOI: 10.1002/ame2.70014
Impact of different anesthetic protocols during anesthesia for the establishment of a porcine model of acute kidney injury
Axel Guilpin
Mathieu Magnin
Axel Aigle
Timothée Schuhler
Jean-Yves Ayoub
Romain Lac
Charlotte Slek
Thomas Brichart
Abdessalem Hammed
Vanessa Louzier
Abstract：Background: During the establishment of a model of acute kidney injury (AKI) in pigs, we observed a high prevalence of malignant hyperthermia (MH). These complications led us to refine the anesthetic protocol. This publication describes the impact of the choice of anesthetics on the results obtained.
Methods: Pigs were euthanized at the end of the procedure, without recovery from anesthesia. Three anesthetic protocols were used: sevoflurane inhalation (Protocol A, n=5), a combination of ketamine, medetomidine and diazepam by intravenous infusion (Protocol B, n=5), and a combination of ketamine, diazepam, medetomidine, glucose, and noradrenaline (Protocol C, n=5). All pigs received morphine for analgesia. AKI was induced by interrupting renal perfusion for 90 min. MH was diagnosed based on clinical and biological parameters.
Results: All MH pigs belonged to Protocol A. MH pigs showed significantly higher maximum rectal temperature (p=0.04), maximum expired carbon dioxide (CO2; p=0.04), maximum heart rate (HR; p=0.03), plasma concentration of creatinine and potassium (p＜0.0001). Protocol A pigs had a significantly higher maximum HR (p=0.01) and hyperkalemia compared to the two other groups (Protocol B, p=0.005 and Protocol C, p＜0.0001). Pigs from Protocol A had a significantly lower minimum mean arterial pressure (MAP) than Protocol C group (p=0.03) and MAP remained below 60 mmHg for longer (p=0.004). In Protocol B, minimum glycemia was lower than other groups (p=0.01).
Conclusion: Sevoflurane use was associated with the occurrence of MH, hemodynamic alterations and changes in plasma concentration of creatinine and potassium. These modifications can have a major impact on the validation of an experimental AKI model.
Keywords：acute kidney injuryanesthesiaketaminemalignant hyperthermiasevoflurane
Publication Date：2025-08-30
Online Publishing Date：2025-11-05(First online date of this platform, not the publication date of the document)
Pages：10( 1493-1502 )