Experimental investigation on the safety of lithium-ion batteries with triethyl phosphate-based electrolyte and glass fiber separator
LI Yao
ZHENG Dong
Abstract：To enhance the safety of lithium-ion batteries under extreme high-temperature conditions,this work proposes a battery incorporating triethyl phosphate(TEP)-based electrolyte and glass fiber(GF)separators.Comparative safety evaluations were conducted with conventional commercial batteries(carbonate-based electrolyte-polyolefin separators)through flame-extinguishing time tests,separator thermal shrinkage analysis,and high-temperature spontaneous combustion experiments on pouch cells.Experimental results revealed that exceeding 5%vinylene carbonate(VC)additive content in electrolytes substantially jeopardized safety and elevated thermal runaway risks.The GF separator demonstrated exceptional thermal stability with<1%shrinkage at 150～200℃,significantly outperforming commercial polyolefin separators(>32%shrinkage).In combustion tests at 400℃and 450℃,the TEP-based electrolyte-GF separator system delayed ignition onset by 35.8% and 65.0%,reduced burning duration by 70.1% and 94.7%,and decreased peak temperatures by 42.6% and 43.4%,respectively,compared to conventional counterparts.Notably,under 350℃conditions where commercial batteries sustained combustion for 128 s,the TEP-based system increased the thermal runaway trigger temperature by approximately 75% and achieved complete flame-free state.These findings provide experimental validation and technical benchmarks for designing high-safety lithium-ion batteries.
Keywords：lithium-ion batteriesTEPGF separatorpouch cellssafety
Publication Date：2026-02-25
Online Publishing Date：2026-03-13(First online date of this platform, not the publication date of the document)
Pages：10( 49-58 )