Research on thermal abuse testing methods for lithium-ion batteries

ZHANG Jinjie; LI Danhua; JIANG Chenglong; WANG Zhihao; LIU Lei

doi:10.19996/j.cnki.ChinBatlnd.2025.02.005

Abstract：This study examined the thermal runaway behavior of two types of lithium-ion batteries,ternary and lithium iron phosphate,under heated oven and adiabatic conditions.Under both thermal abuse testing conditions,the lithium iron phosphate battery demonstrated superior thermal stability compared to the ternary battery.Batteries of both material systems exhibited similar differences in thermal characteristics under the two experimental conditions.The time to trigger thermal runaway in both types of batteries under adiabatic heating conditions was significantly longer than that in the heated oven,and the overall heating rate in the oven was higher than that in adiabatic heating.In both experimental conditions,the initial stage involved heating the battery through stepwise temperature increases in the environment,resulting in similar failure temperatures under both conditions.Additionally,the thermal runaway temperature under adiabatic conditions was higher than that in the heated oven for both battery types.Regarding the maximum temperature during thermal runaway,the performance of the ternary and lithium iron phosphate batteries differed under the two thermal abuse conditions:the maximum thermal runaway temperature for the ternary battery was higher in the heated oven than in adiabatic heating,whereas the lithium iron phosphate battery showed the opposite trend.