Preparation and sodium storage properties of acacia wood biomass-based hard carbon

HUO Junjie; MAO Wutao; BAO Keyan

doi:10.19996/j.cnki.ChinBatlnd.2025.01.007

Abstract：Hard carbon,as an anode material for sodium-ion batteries,is considered to be a material of great research value because of its low cost and high sodium storage capacity.Biomass,with its natural internal pore structure and abundant resources,is an excellent raw material for the preparation of hard carbon,but there are many impurities in biomass,which reduce the electrochemical performance.In this study,low-cost hard acacia wood was used as the raw material,and sulfuric acid was used to pretreat the hard carbon precursor,and the two-step carbonization method was used to successfully prepare the hard carbon anode material,and a series of characterization showed that the impurities could be removed and the spacing of the carbon layers could be increased by using the acid-soaking treatment.The results of electrochemical tests show that the reversible specific capacity can reach 294 mAh/g at low multiplicity,the plateau capacity can reach 150 mAh/g,and the capacity retention rate is 82%,which improves the specific capacity and increases the first-circle efficiency(ICE)by about 10%compared with that of the untreated material with acid.Thus,the reversible specific capacity of biomass acacia hard carbon was improved after being treated with dilute sulfuric acid.