Analysis of related factors for anastomotic leakage complicated with intra-abdominal infection after radical surgery for colon cancer

doi:10.16048/j.issn.2095-5561.2025.06.11

Abstract：Objective To explore the important influencing factors of anastomotic leakage complicated with intra-abdominal infection after radical surgery for colon cancer. Methods This study was a case-control study, which selected 271 patients who underwent radical surgery for colon cancer at Suzhou Municipal Hospital from May 2019 to September 2022. There were 156 males and 115 females, with an average age of (62.6±10.2) years, ranging from 40 to 80 years. According to whether postoperative anastomotic leakage complicated with intra-abdominal infection occurred, they were divided into an infection group (n=22) and a non-infection group (n=249). Logistic regression analysis was performed on gender, age, body weight, tumor length, TNM stage, differentiation degree, tumor location, operation time, pathological type, diabetes, surgical method, hypertension, liver cirrhosis, drainage tube placement time, kidney disease, intraoperative blood loss, intestinal obstruction, incision length, duration of antibiotic use, smoking history, alcohol consumption history, as well as preoperative albumin, hemoglobin, neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), and carcinoembryonic antigen levels. The clinical prognosis of the two groups was compared. Results Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that diabetes, combined intestinal obstruction, preoperative low hemoglobin, preoperative low albumin, long duration of antibiotic use, high preoperative carcinoembryonic antigen, long operation time, and high preoperative NLR were risk factors for anastomotic leakage complicated with intra-abdominal infection after radical surgery for colon cancer (P<0.05). The progression-free survival rate and overall survival rate of the non-infection group were higher than those of the infection group, with statistical significance (P<0.05). Conclusion Patients with diabetes, intestinal obstruction, low preoperative hemoglobin, low preoperative albumin, long duration of antibiotic use, high preoperative carcinoembryonic antigen, long operation time, and high preoperative NLR are at risk of developing anastomotic leakage complicated with intra-abdominal infection after radical surgery for colon cancer.