Observation on the application of degradable materials based on electrospinning hemostasis technology for pig cardiac penetration injury

ZHAO Xin-wei; XU Liang; ZHANG Jun; REN Tong; SHI Ji-ping; REN Ming-shi; WANG Rong

doi:10.16048/j.issn.2095-5561.2025.04.07

Abstract：Objective Evaluation of the effectiveness and material degradability of polylactic acid/gelatin/absorbable hemostatic particles(PLA/GEL/AHP)combined with in situ electrospun n-butyl cyanoacrylate/cyanoacrylate-polyethylene glycol-cyanoacrylate/polymethyl methacrylate(504/CPC/PMMA)for cardiac penetration injury hemostatic and material degradability.Methods A total of 9 healthy male small Bama pigs were selected,with body mass(41.44±2.22)kg,ranging from 39 to 46 kg,aged(6.94±0.30)months,ranging from 6.5 to 7.0 months.Based on the new"two-step"rapid hemostasis technology established by the team for cardiac penetration injuries in the early stage,the newly developed 504/CPC/PMMA medical glue was used instead of the 508 medical glue in the previous experiment.Bama small pig was used as the experimental subject,and the right ventricular penetration injury bleeding model was standardized under the condition of mid-open chest and carried out the"two-step"hemostasis experiment,evaluating the effectiveness of hemostasis with immediate hemostasis success rate and long-term material stability,and evaluating biosafety and material degradability using hematological indicators and HE staining of organ specimens.Results One experimental animal died unexpectedly due to anesthesia,and the remaining 8 were of body mass(41.63±2.38)kg,all of which stopped bleeding successfully and survived.The dosage of medical glue(0.44±0.04)ml,the electrospinning time is 40 to 50 s,and the wound surface is completely closed from 50 to 60 s after the electrospinning is completed.The time for chest modeling to complete hemostasis(564±23)s was achieved,and all experimental animals were stable during the operation.One month after the operation,the medical glue has been completely degraded,the PLA/GEL/AHP hemostasis plug has been completely wrapped by the collagen fibers regenerated by the myocardium,and the part in contact with the myocardium has been initially degraded.Three months after the operation,the surface of the material protruding into the myocardium was smooth,the hemostasis plug degrades by more than 50％,there was no obvious inflammatory reaction around the material,and there was no obvious inflammatory cell infiltration in each organ at all stages after the operation.Hematological indicators showed that there was no statistically significant difference in comparison of hemoglobin,red blood cell count and white blood cell count of Bama pigs(P＞0.05).Three months after the operation,there was no significant difference between the levels of alanine aminotransferase,aspartate aminotransferase,creatine kinase isozyme MB and creatinine in Bama pigs(P＞0.05).Conclusion The"two-step"hemostasis technology constructed by PLA/GEL/AHP hemostasis plug combined with in situ electrospinning 504/CPC/PMMA can achieve effective hemostasis of right ventricular penetration injuries at large animals,and both biological materials have corresponding biosafety and degradability.