Effect of acellular dermal matrix on osteoporosis rats bone defect healing

WANG Xiao-han; ZHAO Zhi-guo; WANG Zhi-ming; WANG Wen-mo; ZHANG Li-ping

doi:10.16048/j.issn.2095-5561.2016.02.02

Abstract：Objective To observe the characteristics and capabilities of acellular dermal matrix( ADM) in osteoporosis rats cranial parietal bone defect repair guided bone regeneration( GBR) ,to explore the biocompatibility and effects on bone re-generation. Methods A total of 26 SD female rats were randomly divided into the control group(Sham group:n=13)and the ovariectomized group(VOX group:n=13). Conventional breeding for 3 months after the surgery,after the success of the building,in skull of rats,there were 2 defective holes with 5 mm preparation on both sides of central line,one side was cov-ered with ADM,the other side was control blank( CK) . In Sham group,the CK side was Group A,the ADM cover side was Group B. In the CK side in OVX group was Group C,the ADM cover side was Group D. In 6 and 12 weeks postoperatively, the clinical features such as the bone defect healing,bone tissue HE and masson trichromatic dyeing,new bone lengths were compared,the mineralization rate,immunohistochemical method was to detect callus osteocalcin expression in different peri-ods. Results Among the gross observation experimental animals,there were 2 deaths caused by bowel bilges gas in. Other animals healed within a week without infection and wound dehiscence,visible sutures were not fallen off. 6 weeks after sur-gery,the blank defects naked eye obvious difference between the two groups,the defect area was covered with transparency, defect edge was clear. ADM cover side was with visible white ADM,defect edge was clear. After 12 weeks,there was no na-ked eye obvious difference between two groups of blank defect,the defect area was covered with transparency,defect edge was clear. ADM cover side with visible white ADM film was thinner,harder to hit,defect edge was obtuse. The tissue mor-phology observation 6 weeks when two groups of new bone gap defect was not obvious,the broken end by fibrous tissue pack-age. Sham group of bone defect end osteogenesis was dense, ADM retained membrane structure, osteoblast and fibroblast caused ADM membrane,ADM were rebuilt gradually. VOX group of bone defect end osteogenesis density was small,in the Sham group still in ADM membrane structure,osteoblast and fibroblast caused ADM membrane,ADM membrane was re-built. At the 12th week,two groups of blank new bone defect was a little more than 6 weeks,but still not healed. Sham group of ADM was converted into bone structure,osteoblast bracket structure degradation,covered on the bone defect,not connect-ed to the end. VOX group of bone defect healing,bone defect broken end generation was more than four weeks,ADM was still in the structure,degradation became thinner,not converted into bone osteoblasts structure. Conclusion by experiment, ADM can be guided bone tissue regeneration,to be implanted in rats after skull surface,without rejection,can form the or-ganization of fibrous tissue ingrowth,mechanical barrier and provide three framework for osteoblasts osteogenesis,absorption rate is moderate,12 weeks when not fully biodegradable. Normal condition ADM membrane can be osteoblast reconstruction, can be closed early bone defect,and osteoporosis due to osteoblast activity decline,ADM film has not been converted bone, mechanical barrier effect,only far slower and normal. Therefore,osteoporosis GBR technique should be combined with tissue engineering technology or other drug therapy to accelerate the healing of bone defect to shorten the healing time.