Epidemiological characterisation of respiratory pathogen infections in Tong'an,Xiamen,2022-2023

HUANG Shufang; CHEN Mingzhi; ZHOU Zhizhong

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1007-8134.2025.06.018

Abstract：Objective To investigate the epidemiological characteristics of respiratory pathogens in Tong'an,Xiamen.Methods Pharyngeal swab were collected from 5 439 respiratory infection cases in the Third Hospital of Xiamen from 2022 to 2023.Common respiratory pathogens were detected by real-time fluorescent polymerase chain reaction technology.Epidemiological characteristics of respiratory pathogens were analyzed statistically across different genders,age groups,years and months.Statistical analysis was performed by χ2 test.Results Among the 5 439 throat swab specimens,1 774(32.62%)tested positive for nucleic acid of respiratory pathogens.The detection rate of influenza A virus(Flu A)was the highest(11.42%).A single infection was predominant(92.00%).Among mixed infections,the most common pattern was Flu A+Mycoplasma pneumoniae(MP)(33.80%).The detection rate of MP was higher in female patients than in male patients(P<0.05).Statistically significant differences in detection rates were observed across different age groups for parainfluenza virus type 1,parainfluenza virus type 3(PIV-3),respiratory syncytial virus(RSV),adenovirus(ADV),influenza B virus(Flu B)and MP(P<0.05).Patients with positive respiratory pathogen nucleic acid detection were predominantly concentrated in the age group of<18 years.Detection rates of PIV-3,RSV,Flu A,ADV and Flu B also showed statistically significant differences between 2022 and 2023(P<0.05).The prevalence of different pathogens varied with the changing of months.Conclusion Flu A is one of the primary pathogens causing respiratory diseases among residents in Tong'an,Xiamen.Detection rates of pathogens varied across different age groups,genders,years,and months.Relevant departments should implement targeted prevention and control measures accordingly.