Clinical characteristics of children with Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia with different serum LDH levels and their correlation with immune function

CHEN Qinghua; WANG Jingwen; WANG Huilin

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1007-8134.2025.03.010

Abstract：Objective To investigate the clinical characteristics of children with Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia(MPP)at different serum lactate dehydrogenase(LDH)levels and their correlation with cellular immunity.Methods Three hundred and fifty children with MPP who visited our hospital from June 2019 to June 2023 were selected and divided into mild group(n=118),severe group(n=120),and critical group(n=112)based on the severity of their condition.Analyze the independent correlation between different serum LDH levels and the severity of Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia,and divide them into quintiles(Q1-Q5)based on LDH levels from low to high.Perform subgroup analysis on the correlation between LDH levels and cellular immunity,and conduct stratified regression analysis on the influencing factors of serum LDH levels.Results There is an independent correlation between LDH levels and the severity of MPP.In the stratified analysis of clinical factors,there is a stable correlation between serum LDH levels and the severity of MPP disease.At high levels of IgG,IgM,and IgA,as LDH levels increase,the risk of MPP increases;At low levels of CD3+T cells,CD8+T cells,CD4+T cells,CD45+T cells,CD16+56+NK cells,CD19+T cells,and CD4+/CD8+,as LDH levels increase,the risk of MPP increases.LDH has a significant interaction with IgG,IgM,IgA,CD3+T cells,CD8+T cells,CD4+T cells,CD45+T cells,CD16+56+NK cells,CD19+T cells,and CD4+/CD8+levels(P＜0.05).The risk of severe MPP increases first and then stabilizes with the increase of LDH in both males and females.Conclusions LDH levels increase with the severity of Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia.LDH levels are significantly positively correlated with IgG,IgM,and IgA,and negatively correlated with CD3+T cells,CD8+T cells,CD4+T cells,CD45+T cells,CD16+56+NK cells,CD19+T cells,and CD4+/CD8+lymphocyte counts.LDH levels can be used as an important indicator for evaluating the development of MPP and evaluating the immune function of children.