Analysis of HIV antibody-reactive samples and confirmation test results in Xuhui District,Shanghai from 2021 to 2023

NI Binjun; TAO Yanlin; ZHANG Xiao; LI Qing

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1007-8134.2025.02.006

Abstract：Objective This study aims to analyze human immunodeficiency virus(HIV)detection results in Xuhui District of Shanghai,to assess recent trends in HIV infection rates situation and virus characteristics,providing an important basis for the prevention and control of AIDS.Methods A total of 1 575 reactive HIV antibody screening samples collected from January 2021 to December 2023 in Xuhui District were submitted from primary screening laboratories to confirmatory laboratories.Immunoblotting was performed for confirmatory analysis.Results Among the 1 575 samples,580 cases(36.8％)were confirmed as HIV-positive,while 223 cases(14.2％)were classified as indeterminate.The highest annual positivity rate was recorded in 2023(42.6％)and the positivity rate among males(47.2％)was higher than that among females(11.5％).The highest positivity rate in the 20-39 age group was 51.3％.The highest positivity rate among unmarried individuals was 60％.The positivity rate among non-local residents(43.4％)was higher than that among local residents(29％).Individuals with a college or university education had the highest positive rate,whichwas 44.2％.The largest proportion of samples came from medical institutions,while the highest positivity rate was found in voluntary counseling and testing(VCT)clinics,reaching 76.3％.In the Western blot band analysis,the detection rates of gp160,gp120,gp41,p24,p66 and p51 exceeded 90％,whereas p55 had the lowest detection rate(13.6％).Conclusion It is recommended that the confirmatory and primary screening laboratories in Xuhui District strengthen the HIV detection efforts,enhance service awareness,and promote the dissemination of HIV-related knowledge to improve the effectiveness of HIV prevention and control.