Analysis of dyslipidemia and its influencing factors in primary and treated HIV/AIDS patients

DENG Meng; SUN Yan; ZHAO Shuxian; ZHANG Zhihui; LI Qiong; CHEN Zhaoyun

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1007-8134.2025.01.001

Abstract：Objective To explore the frequency and risk factors of dyslipidemia in HIV/AIDS patients on initial treatment and receiving antiretroviral therapy(ART).Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted to collect demographic information and indicators of lipids from HIV/AIDS patients admitted to the Sixth People's Hospital of Zhengzhou City from January 2023 to December 2023 to analyze the prevalence of dyslipidemia and dysglycemia and their risk factors.Results A total of 955 HIV/AIDS patients were enrolled in this study.Among them,there were 211 primary patients and 744 patients who had received ART for＞1 year(hereafter referred to as treated patients).For first-treatment patients,female,hyperglycemia were risk factors for TC abnormalities,overweight and obesity were associated with high TG,smoking was a risk factor for low HDL-C,and those with high glucose were more prone to high LDL-C.For treated patients,female,older age,hyperglycemia,and CD4+T lymphocyte count＞350 cells/μL were risk factors for the development of high TC,and overweight,obesity,and the ART regimen Protease inhibitor(PI),and long duration of ART treatment were risk factors for high TG,and low HDL-C was more likely to occur in women,older age,CD4+T lymphocyte count＞350 cells/μL,and integrase inhibitors(INI)in ART regimens,and high blood glucose,ART regimens containing INI were at greater risk of developing high LDL-C.Conclusions Gender,age,BMI,glucose,CD4+T-lymphocyte levels,ART regimen,and ART duration are influential factors for dyslipidemia in HIV/AIDS patients.It is recommended that risk factors for dyslipidemia be assessed in a timely manner during antiretroviral therapy and monitored regularly to reduce the incidence of dyslipidemia in patients with AIDS.