Analysis of pathogen characteristics in patients with acute infectious diarrhea in a hospital in Zhengzhou from 2022 to 2023

Niu Leiping

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1007-8134.2024.04.015

Abstract：Objective Objective Explore the distribution,serotypes,and drug resistance of common pathogens in patients with acute infectious diarrhea. Methods 2337 patients with acute infectious diarrhea admitted to Zhengzhou Yihe Hospital from January 2022 to November 2023 were selected. Descriptive epidemiological methods were used to analyze the distribution of pathogenic bacteria,serotypes,and drug resistance in the specimens of patients with acute infectious diarrhea. Results A total of 4007 strains of pathogens were detected,of which 692 cases were infected with over 2 types of pathogens,accounting for 29.61％. Vibrio parahaemolyticus accounted for 54.03％,Salmonella 20.56％,Shigella 9.51％,Escherichia coli 7.86％,Staphylococcus aureus 7.09％,others (Aeromonas and Pseudomonas) 0.75％,and Vibrio cholerae 0.20％. Among the 2165 strains of Vibrio parahaemolyticus,O3K6 accounted for 67.39％,O4K8 accounted for 24.39％,and other types accounted for 4.13％. Among 824 strains of Salmonella,Salmonella Schaffdenburg accounted for 35.07％,Salmonella enteritis accounted for 26.70％,Salmonella enteritis accounted for 20.75％,and Salmonella typhimurium accounted for 17.48％. Among 381 strains of Shigella,Shigella sonnei accounted for 53.28％,Shigella flexneri (F2a) accounted for 24.93％,Shigella flexneri (F4a) accounted for 13.91％,and other types accounted for 7.87％. 315 strains of diarrhea causing Escherichia coli,with O126 type accounting for 53.65％,O86 type accounting for 29.21％,and O111 type accounting for 13.02％. The proportion of other types was 4.13％. Among 284 strains of Staphylococcus aureus,SEA type accounted for 48.94％,SEC type accounted for 32.04％,and other types accounted for 5.28％. 8 strains of Vibrio cholerae were all VBO9. The resistance rates of Vibrio parahaemolyticus to amoxicillin/clavulanic acid,cefepime,cefoxitin,ciprofloxacin,imipenem,compound sulfamethoxazole,chloramphenicol,and tetracycline were all less than 10.00％;The resistance rate of Salmonella to cefoxitin and ciprofloxacin was 0;The resistance rates of Shigella to cefoxitin and imipenem were both 0;The resistance rate of diarrhea causing Escherichia coli to imipenem and piperacillin was 0;The resistance rate of Staphylococcus aureus to ciprofloxacin,vancomycin,and linezolid was 0. The resistance rate of Vibrio cholerae to cefoxitin and ciprofloxacin was 0;There were relatively few patients included with Vibrio cholerae,and there is no resistance to at least two antibiotics. The other five pathogens (Vibrio parahaemolyticus,Salmonella,Shigella,Escherichia coli,and Staphylococcus aureus) all exhibited resistance to two or more antibiotics simultaneously. Conclusion The types of pathogenic bacteria in patients with acute infectious diarrhea are widely distributed in patients with different age groups. Rational drug use and dietary hygiene management should be strengthened according to the experimental results.