Epidemiological and etiological characteristics analysis of hand-foot-mouth disease in western Hainan

ZHAI Jia-yu; LIN Lie-jie; MAI Lang-jun; FU Xue-xing; SU Xian-du

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1007-8134.2018.01.008

Abstract：Objective To understand the epidemiological and etiological characteristics of hand-foot-mouth disease (HFMD) in western Hainan from 2012 to 2015, and provide evidence for prevention and control. Methods Data of 10 258 children with HFMD were collected from January 2012 to December 2015 in western Hainan, and their epidemiological characteristics were analyzed. The quantitative real-time PCR was used to amplify gene sequences and detect the enterovirus 71 (EV71), Coxasckie virus A 16 (CAl6) and other intestinal viral nucleic acids in stool or throat swab specimens. Results The cumulative report of 10 258 children with HFMD from 2012 to 2015 in western Hainan was found, with an annual incidence of 121.34/105and a mortality rate of 0.19%. The majority of children with HFMD aged less than 5 years, among which the age group of 1 to 3 years had the highest incidence, accounting for 69.31%. The episodes of HFMD had obvious seasonal characteristics. The onset of disease peaked during May to August, showing a single peak distribution. Laboratory diagnosis rate was 60.20% (6175/10 258) in 10 258 children with HFMD, of which EV71 positive in 3907 cases (63.27%), CA16 positive in 875 cases (14.17%), and other intestinal virus positive in 1393 cases (22.56%). The composition ratio of EV71 and CA16 infection varied from different seasons, and the composition ratio of EV71 was up to 74.28% (719/968) in May, and the composition of CAl6 was 19.44% (146/751) in August. The ratio of EV71 infection was the highest in both severe and dead children, 80% (20/25) and 81.82% (9/11), respectively. Conclusions The HFMD in western Hainan shows a high epidemic situation, children aging less than 5 years are the most prevalent, EV71 and CAl6 are the main pathogens. Corresponding measures should be taken to prevent and control the onset and prevalence of HFMD.