Operational safety analysis of high-speed trains at 350 km/h and above under crosswind conditions

GONG Kai; BIAN Wenjun; LIU Linya; SUN Lixia; QIN Jialiang; LUO Jiangling

doi:10.11860/j.issn.1673-0291.20240035

Abstract：With the continuous increase in train operating speeds,higher demands are placed on opera-tional safety.This study conducts an in-depth investigation into the operational response of high-speed trains traveling at 350 km/h and above under the influence of crosswinds to solve the safety issues.First,based on fluid dynamics and vehicle dynamics theories,computational fluid dynamics CFD soft-ware and UM multibody dynamics software are respectively employed to establish aerodynamic and dynamic models of the high-speed train.Second,aerodynamic loads are applied as external excitations to the train body to calculate the full process of train operation on straight tracks under crosswind condi-tions.Finally,the influence of steady-state wind load patterns and wind speed on the operational safety of high-speed trains are comprehensively analyzed.The results indicate that under crosswind conditions,the lateral displacement of car body,lateral wheelset forces,vertical wheel-rail forces,de-railment coefficients,and wheel load reduction rates increase significantly compared to no-wind sce-narios.When the wind speed is 5 m/s and the train speed ranges from 350 to 400 km/h,safety indica-tors remain relatively low,with gradual increases that stay within safe limits.When wind speeds reach or exceed 10 m/s and train speeds range from 350 to 420 km/h,rail compression by the wheels occur,and there is significant wheel-rail lateral interactions,accompanied by transient separation on the wind-ward wheel-rail interface.These effects are especially pronounced at speeds above 400 km/h.These findings provide important references for ensuring the operational safety of high-speed trains under crosswind conditions.