Research progress and application of biomass thermal conversion hydrogen production technology
ZANG Xuejing
ZHU Wei
LI Yang
PENG Wanwang
Abstract：With the growth of energy demand and the improvement of environmental protection awareness,biomass thermal conversion hydrogen production technology has attracted widespread attention as a sustainable and clean ener-gy production method.The research progress and application of three different biomass thermal conversion hydrogen production technologies,including gasification,pyrolysis reforming,and chemical looping,are reviewed.First,the principle of biomass gasification hydrogen production is introduced,including the process of biomass reacting with a gasifying agent at high temperature to produce hydrogen and other combustible gases,as well as the key factors affecting its hydrogen production efficiency,such as raw material characteristics,gasifying agent,temperature,gas-ifier type,catalyst selection,etc.Then,the principle of biomass pyrolysis reforming hydrogen production is ex-plained,that is,biomass is first pyrolyzed to produce tar,char and gas products,and then converted into hydrogen through reforming reaction.The effects of different biomass types,raw material pretreatment methods,heating rates,temperatures,reaction processes,catalysts and other factors on hydrogen production performance are analyzed.In addition,the principle of biomass chemical looping hydrogen production is also explored,that is,hydrogen produc-tion is achieved by using oxygen carriers to cycle in different reactors to realize the oxidation and reduction reactions of biomass.The research progress of oxygen carrier materials is discussed in detail.In terms of application,the applica-tion status of biomass hydrogen production technology in the fields of industry,transportation,distributed energy,etc.at home and abroad is summarized,including demonstration projects,commercialization progress and challenges faced.Finally,the development trend of biomass thermal conversion hydrogen production technology is prospected,pointing out that improving hydrogen production efficiency,reducing costs,optimizing process integration and strengthening coupling with renewable energy are the key directions of future research,in order to provide a reference for the further development and application of biomass hydrogen production technology.
Keywords：biomass hydrogengasificationpyrolysis reformingchemical chain reactionoxygen carrier materialhydrogen production efficiency
Publication Date：2025-11-30
Pages：11( 19-28,37 )