Clinical Recurrence of Uterine Leiomyoma After Myomectomy and Analysis of Risk Factors

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1004-5775.2025.14.013

Abstract：Objective: To explore the clinical recurrence of uterine leiomyoma after myomectomy and its risk factors. Methods: A retrospective study was conducted on the medical records of 78 patients who underwent laparoscopic myomectomy at Xiaiyi County People's Hospital from January 2020 to January 2023. All patients were followed up for 8-12 months postoperatively. According to the recurrence status, the patients were divided into a recurrence group (20 cases) and a non-recurrence group (58 cases). Clinical data of both groups were collected, summarized, and statistically analyzed. Univariate and logistic regression analyses were used to screen for factors influencing postoperative recurrence in patients with uterine leiomyoma. Results: The proportions of patients aged ≥35 years, with menarche age <13 years, with myoma size ≥5 cm, and with intramural myomas were higher in the recurrence group than in the non-recurrence group, with statistically significant differences (χ2=6.726, 4.670, 4.405, 8.941, P<0.05). There were no statistically significant differences between the two groups in terms of body mass index (BMI), number of myomas, uterine size, family history of uterine leiomyoma, preoperative MRI use, coexisting gynecological diseases, histological type, and surgical type (χ2=1.370, 3.499, 0.258, 0.004, 1.370, 0.332, 0.056, 3.128, P>0.05). Age ≥35 years, menarche age <13 years, myoma size ≥5 cm, and intramural myoma were all risk factors for postoperative recurrence in patients with uterine leiomyoma, with statistically significant differences (P<0.05). Conclusion: Clinically, patients aged ≥35 years, with menarche age <13 years, with myoma size ≥5 cm, and with intramural myomas should undergo regular follow-up to reduce the risk of recurrence and improve prognosis.