Study on the Effects of Non-invasive to Invasive Sequential Ventilation with Adjunctive Medication on Vital Signs and Pulmonary Function in Patients with Severe Asthma Complicated by Respiratory Failure

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1004-5775.2025.07.012

Abstract：Objective: To explore the effects of non-invasive to invasive sequential ventilation with adjunctive medication on vital signs and pulmonary function in patients with severe asthma complicated by respiratory failure. Methods: A total of 76 patients with severe asthma complicated by respiratory failure admitted to the Tianjin Rehabilitation and Convalescence Center of the Joint Logistics Support Force of the Chinese People's Liberation Army from June 2018 to November 2023 were selected as the study subjects. They were randomly divided into a control group and an observation group using a random number table method, with 38 cases in each group. The control group received non-invasive to invasive sequential ventilation treatment, while the observation group received additional treatment with Budesonide Formoterol Powder Inhaler. The total effective rate, vital signs, pulmonary function, and levels of inflammatory factors were compared between the two groups. Results: The total effective rate of the observation group was lower than that of the control group, with a statistically significant difference (x2=4.145, P<0.05). After treatment, the arterial oxygen partial pressure (PaO2) level of the observation group was lower than that of the control group, while the carbon dioxide partial pressure (PaCO2), PaO2/FiO2 ratio, heart rate (HR), and respiratory rate (RR) levels were higher in the observation group, with statistically significant differences (t=6.175, 8.120, 3.899, 2.901, 3.549, P<0.05). After treatment, the levels of macrophage-derived chemokine (MDC), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), interleukin-17 (IL-17), and interleukin-6 (IL-6) in the observation group were lower than those in the control group, with statistically significant differences (t=-3.909, -11.349, -5.788, -9.651, P<0.05). After treatment, the forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1), peak expiratory flow/total exhaled volume ratio (VPEF/VE), FEV1/fvc ratio, and peak expiratory flow (PEF) of the observation group were higher than those of the control group, with statistically significant differences (t=5.956, 5.577, 2.857, 6.406, P<0.05). Conclusion: Implementing non-invasive to invasive sequential ventilation with adjunctive medication for patients with severe asthma complicated by respiratory failure can improve their vital signs, inhibit inflammatory reactions, and promote recovery of pulmonary function, with a definite therapeutic effect.