Assessment of the Immune Effectiveness of O-type Foot-and-Mouth Disease in Livestock in Xifeng County from 2023 to 2024

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1001-0769.2025.06.017

Abstract：To understand the immune effectiveness of O-type foot-and-mouth disease in livestock in Xifeng County and assess the risk of epidemic occurrence, this study used ELISA testing to detect immune antibodies against O-type foot-and-mouth disease in 3,892 serum samples from pigs, cattle, and sheep collected from 11 townships (streets) in slaughterhouses, breeding farms, large-scale farms, and small-scale households from 2023 to 2024. Part of the serum samples were randomly selected for detection of non-structural protein infection antibodies, and statistical analysis was conducted by year, animal species, sample source, and season. The results showed that the immune antibody qualification rate of livestock in Xifeng County for O-type foot-and-mouth disease reached more than 70% of the standard set by the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs in 2023-2024. The immune antibody qualification rate ranked from high to low as pigs, cattle, and sheep. The qualification rate of breeding farms was higher than that of large-scale farms, slaughterhouses, and small-scale households. The antibody qualification rates in spring and autumn were basically comparable. The positive rate of non-structural protein antibodies was slightly higher in 2023 than in 2024, with the positive rate ranking from high to low as cattle, sheep, and pigs. In summary, the immune effectiveness of O-type foot-and-mouth disease in livestock in Xifeng County is relatively good, but there are still some large-scale farms and small-scale households with不合格 immune antibodies, and some farms (households) show positive non-structural protein antibodies. It is recommended to continue monitoring immune antibodies and infection antibodies, increase the frequency of pathogen monitoring, and promptly carry out early warning, forecasting, and emergency response work.