Exploration on Grain Filling Characteristics and Dehydration Rate of Different Wheat Varieties in Middle and Lower Reaches of Yangtze River

XIN Haibin; LIU Cuilian; TANG Jianpeng; XU Ruiheng; ZHANG Yan; FAN Xiaokai; YANG Xuqing

doi:10.14069/j.cnki.32-1769/s.2025.03.004

Abstract：Seven wheat varieties were selected as test materials in a field environment to study the differences in yield and its components among different wheat varieties.The Richards equation was used to fit the grain filling process,and correlation analysis was conducted to explore the relationship between wheat grain filling parameters and grain quality.The results showed that among the 7 varieties,Yangjiangmai 1820 had the highest yield of 8 779.95 kg/hm2,while Yangmai 28 had the lowest yield of 7 479.60 kg/hm2.During the grain filling process,Yangmai 1820 had the highest thousand-grain weight,reaching 49.35 g at maturity,while Yangmai 28 had the lowest thousand-grain weight(41.73 g).There were significant differences in grain filling rates among different varieties.The grain filling process of different wheat varieties shows an"S"shape change,and the filling parameters vary among different varieties,but the R2 value of all varieties is above 0.99.Correlation analysis shows that the average grain filling rate is significantly positively correlated with thousand-grain weight,while not significantly positively correlated with other parameters.The average filling rate is significantly positively correlated with both the rapid and gradual filling rates,but not significantly positively correlated with the gradual filling rate.The filling rate is the main factor determining thousand-grain weight,especially during the rapid filling period.During this period,the photosynthetic function of wheat leaves should be improved to increase the filling rate and thus increase thousand-grain weight.The study also found that there were differences in grain moisture content and dehydration rate among seven varieties 35 days after flowering and thereafter.Yangjiangmai 1820,Nongmai 77,Yangmai 23,etc.dehydrated rapidly at a higher rate during 35-42 days after flowering.In the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River,in order to avoid the effect of high temperature forced ripening and dry hot air on wheat production at the later stage,the varieties with rapid dehydration characteristics can be prioritized.