Breeding,Trait Analysis and Breeding Inspiration of National Approved Wheat Variety Ruihuamai 518

YANG Peng; LI Zhenfu; YANG Yongle; CHANG Dongwei; REN Yangtao; CHEN Wei; ZHAO Qibing; LIU Hailang; WEI Wanjuan; ZHENG Yayue; CAI Wuning; GU Qihua; LI Huihui; DING Jinfeng; XIA Zhonghua; JIN Yangang

doi:10.14069/j.cnki.32-1769/s.2024.03.010

Abstract：Taking the nationally approved wheat variety Ruihuamai 518 as the object,we studied its parents,breeding process,and the performance of yield,quality and other agronomic traits in national and regional trials,so as to provide a reference for breeding new wheat varieties with high quality,high yield and wide suitability in the southern Huang-huai Plain. The results showed that Ruihuamai 518 has a rich genetic base including high yield,high quality,disease resistance,early maturity and wide suitability. Compared with the control Zhoumai 18,the yield increase of the national southern Huang-huai Plain regional trial reached a very significant level in two years,with an increase of 6.77% in the production test. This variety ranked No.1 among the tested varieties,with a yield increase rate of 100%. The proportion of insignificant differences between this variety and the best variety ranked second,and its adaptability ranked third. It also had a wide range of adaptability. The three factors of yield of this variety are coordinated,the average number of spikes is 6.548 million/hm2,the number of grains per spike is 33.4,and the thousand-grain weight is 40.4 g. It is a multi-panicle and wide-adaptability wheat variety. The quality test results of Grain Quality Supervision,Inspection and Testing Center of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural areas showed that the main quality indexes in the two years of regional test reached the average standard of medium-strong gluten wheat. Comprehensive analysis shows that reasonable selection of parents can effectively achieve breeding goals,and multi-panicle type and multi-resistant varieties are more conducive to high and stable yield. Enriching the genetic basis is an effective way to breed widely suitable varieties.